[A]
[B] [C] [D]
[E] [F] [G]
[H] [I-J-K] [L]
[M-N] [O-P] [Q-R]
[S] [T] [U-V]
[W-X-Y-Z]
target, biological Any organism, organ,
tissue, cell or cell constituent that is subject to the action of a pesticide
or its residue.
technical material Commercial grade
of the pesticide as it comes from the manufacturing plant comprising the active
ingredient and associated impurities. It may also contain small quantities
of additives necessary for stability.
test guideline Guideline published
by an appropriate authority for the order or conduct of certain tests.
test portion (analytical portion)
Subsample, of proper size for
a chemical analysis or other test, removed from the test
sample. (after Horwitz, 1990)
test sample (analytical sample)
Homogenous sample, prepared from the laboratory
sample by mixing, grinding, blending, fine-chopping etc., from which
test portions are removed for analysis
with minimal sampling error. (Horwitz, 1990)
test substance The pesticide
as a chemical substance or mixture which is under investigation in a
GLP Study.
test system Each system (animal,
plant, microbial, other cellular, subcellular; chemical, or physical or a
combination thereof) used in a study.
theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI)
A prediction of the maximum daily intake of a pesticide residue, based
on the assumption of levels of residues in food at maximum
residue limits and average daily consumption of food per person.
The TMDI is expressed in milligrams of residue per person.
(WHO, 1989)
threshold Concentration of a pesticide
in an organism or environmental compartment below which an adverse effect
is not expected.
TID Thermionic detector (cf NPD, AFID).
TLC Thin layer chromatography.
tolerable daily intake Term preferred
by the European Commission for acceptable
daily intake of environmental contaminants. ADI is reserved for
pesticides and food additives where extensive toxicological test data
is available.
tolerance, residue See maximum
residue limit.
total diet study Pesticide
residue monitoring to establish the pattern of residue intake by
a person consuming a defined diet. Primary sampling is as for a market
basket survey but the samples are further processed as for
domestic consumption i.e. further trimming and cooking as appropriate
to local practice.
total terminal residue Summation
of levels of all the compounds comprising residues of a pesticide in
a food. See also pesticide residue.
toxification See bioactivation.
transformation product Chemical
species resulting from environmental or metabolic processes on a pesticide.
See also degradation product, metabolite.
translocation Movement of a substance
within the test system or organism.
transpiration Vaporisation of
water from a leaf into the air.
treated solution Test solution that
has been subjected to reaction or separation procedures prior to measurement
of some property.
trigger value Numerical value for a
property of a pesticide, set by regulatory authorities, which determines
the sequence and type of tests in a tiered assessment scheme. See also
cut-off value.
trophic level Functionally
similar organisms such as algae and plants as primary producers are grouped
into trophic levels based on similarities in the patterns of food production
and consumption.
> Synopsis
> Preface
> References
