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Pure Appl. Chem.,
Vol. 68, No.5, pp. 1167-1193, 1996
CHEMISTRY AND THE
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
COMMISSION ON AGROCHEMICALS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
IUPAC Reports on Pesticides (36)
Glossary of terms relatings to pesticides
(IUPAC Recommendations 1996)
> Synopsis
> Alphabetical Entries
> References
PREFACE
Pesticides are a broad class of bioactive compounds important for food and
crop production and for human health. The development, production, use and
regulation of pesticides now encompasses a very wide range of disciplines
including synthetic chemistry, chemistry of formulations and residues, biochemistry
of fate in plants, animals and the environment, toxicology, ecotoxicity and
risk assessment. More recently biotechnology, good laboratory practice, and
computer simulation modelling also have become important to the field. There
is a high degree of activity from national government authorities and from
international organisations. Educational institutions, media for mass communication,
non-governmental organisations (e.g. consumer unions, environmental groups)
and the general public are also concerned with the complex issues surrounding
pesticides. The need for good communication between all the groups involved
with, or interested in, pesticides is obvious. This glossary on nomenclature,
terminology and definitions will assist the process.
The glossary has drawn on a wide variety of sources. Some more general definitions
have been put into a pesticide context but in all cases the aim has been to
preserve the core meaning. The slightly less generic term 'pesticide' has
been retained in most definitions as 'agrochemical' has not become common
usage, particularly in residue chemistry. Definitions for a number of formulation
terms are inconsistent between different authorities and we have largely followed
those of FAO. The definitions and recommended abbreviations for the most commonly
used formulations of pesticides are provided. The full list of over 60 formulation
types defined by GIFAP is available (GIFAP, 1989). Toxicology definitions
are consistent with those recommended by the IUPAC Commission on Toxicology
in their very comprehensive glossary (Duffus, 1993). Explanation has been
kept to a minimum because of the difficulty in giving adequate expansions
of meaning within a limited space.
No separate list of abbreviations is provided. The most widely used abbreviations
are given in the body of the glossary and can be readily found through the
alphabetically ordered definitions or via cross references. A separate list
of national or international bodies with direct relevance to pesticides is
provided. Abbreviations for some analytical techniques commonly used in analysis
of pesticides are given but an expansion of the glossary into definitions
in this area has been avoided.
> Synopsis
> Alphabetical Entries
> References
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