Purpose-built metal oxide nanomaterials. The emergence of a new
generation of smart materials
Lionel Vayssieres*, Anders Hagfeldt, and Sten Eric Lindquist
Department of Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University,
S-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
Abstract: A new concept has been developed in order to achieve
a new generation of smart materials, namely purpose-built materials,
modeled and designed to match the physical and structural requirements
of their applications. A model based on the thermodynamic monitoring
of the nucleation, growth, and aging process of metal oxide by minimization
of the interfacial tension, yielding to the thermodynamic stabilization
of the system, results in well-designed and well-ordered nanostructured
materials with the required porosity, morphology, size, and orientation
on various substrates.
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