PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES

XIII. PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY

(ISA Recommendation 1997 - IUPAC Technical report 1997 - IFCC Recommendation 1997)

Prepared for publication by

H. OLESEN1, A. GIWERCMAN2, D.M. de KRETSER3, D. MORTIMER4, H. OSHIMA5,  P. TROEN6

  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacology Q 7642, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
  2. Department of Growth and Reproduction JMC 5064, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
  3. Institute of Reproduction and Development, Clayton Victoria, Australia
  4. Sydney Andrology, Sydney IVF, Sydney, Australia
  5. Deparment of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
  6. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
Officers of the International Society of Andrology during the preparation of this report were as follows:
P. Troen (USA); I. Huhtaniemi (Finland); H. Oshima (Japan); D. M. De Kretser (Australia).

The combined Memberships of the Commission and the Committee of the IUPAC-IFCC during the preparation of this report (1992 to 1996) were as follows:

Chairman: 1989-1995 H. Olesen (Denmark); 1996 - D Kenny (Ireland). Members: X. Fuentes-Arderiu (Spain; 1991-1997); J.G. Hill (Canada; 1987-1997); D. Kenny (Ireland; 1994-1997); H. Olesen (Denmark; 1985-1995); PL Storring (United Kingdom; 1989-1995); P Soares de Araujo (Brazil; 1994-1997); Ren� Dybk�r (Denmark; 1996-1997); Clem McDonald (USA; 1996-1997).

Please forward comments to: H. Olesen, Dept. of Clin. Pharmacology Q 75.2.1, Copenhagen University Hospital, Tagensvej 20, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Synopsis
This document is the first technical report - recommendation on the presentation of properties in reproduction and fertility and their values in clinical laboratory sciences from The International Society of Andrology, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It forms part of the ongoing effort to standardise requests and reporting of laboratory data for transmission across cultural and linguistic domains, without attempting to standardise the routine language used by clinicians and laboratory practitioners.

The document is accessible on Internet from C-NPU Home page address:

http://www.ifcc-iupac.suite.dk

Preface
This document is the result of cooperation between the International Society of Andrology and the Committee/Commission on Nomenclature, Properties and Units of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
The document is the thirteenth part (XIII) of a series on properties observed in the clinical laboratory sciences, initiated in 1987.
The series will comprise the five general parts (I-IV and XI) and a series of special parts:
 
I  Syntax and semantic rules
II  Kinds-of-property
III  Elements (of properties) and their code values
IV  Properties and their code values
V  Properties and units in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
VI  Properties and units in IOC prohibited drugs
VII  Properties and units in Inborn Errors of Metabolism
VIII  Properties and units in Clinical Bacteriology
IX Properties and units in Trace Elements
X  Properties and units in General Clinical Chemistry
XI  Coding systems - structure and guidelines
XII  Properties and units in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
XIII  Properties and units in Reproduction and Fertility (this document)
XIV Properties and units in Tumor Markers
XV  WWW databases
XVI  Properties and units in Clinical Allergology

Foreword and scope
Basic research in biology and medicine and innovations in laboratory methodology have greatly increased the range of properties available to medical practitioners to help them in decisions on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease.
The plethora is now such that the individual doctor has insight in or understanding of only a limited number of properties offered to him from the various clinical laboratory specialities.
In the laboratory, local terms (jargon) may be well understood among colleagues, but they are not appropriate for communication with the outside world. Likewise, a laboratory and its local community of users, such as hospital or community physicians, may use a "local dialect" of the language of clinical laboratory sciences which is well understood by all concerned, but when the communication possibilities are wider, even transnational, risks of serious misunderstanding arise.
In addition, the terminology used by one laboratory speciality may vary even within the speciality, and may be incomprehensible to another speciality. This is a minor inconvenience to the laboratory specialities, each one essentially operating within its own area of activity. However, for the user this is highly unsatisfactory and also it may hinder treatment of the patient.
It is therefore essential to promote clear, unambiguous, meaningful and fully informative communication. Also coherence of statements made within and between medical specialities, and uniformity in structure of presentation is to be strived for. This will facilitate transfer of information over cultural, alphabetic and language areas.
The purpose of this document is to apply the IUPAC–IFCC recommended syntax structures for request and report, providing formats and names of properties observed in the domain of Reproduction and Fertility, in order to facilitate unequivocal written or electronic communication between health care professionals.
The list of properties shown in this document is not exhaustive.
The main background document is the WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction.

Standardised request and report of clinical laboratory results

By convention, properties and results of examinations are represented by the equation:

Equation 1

Property = Result

The parts of a request and a report are presented in table 1.
 
Table 1. Standard systematic report
1. Identification and time
1.1 object or patient identification
1.2 date and time of sampling
2. Property
2.1 system*
2.2 component#
2.3 kind-of-property�
3. Result
3.1 equality, inequality or other operator
3.2 value
3.3 unit
4. Notes
* that part of the object or patient to which the property pertains
# definable part of the system
� general class of the property

For definition of terms, see Ref.1.

Essential for a request (table 1) are part 1 and 2, covering information on patient identification, time or time interval for sampling, and information on the property requested.
The laboratory report comprises the three subdivisions 1, 2 and 3.
To each element in part 2 may be added a specification as a parenthetic suffix for clarification and to avoid ambiguity.
Notes (part 4) relating to, for example, diagnosis and medication of patient, haemolysis of sample or hardware breakdown are not included, except when needed for the interpretation of results after pretreatment of patients.

Thus the elements of a term for a type of property comprise:

System(specification)—Component(specification); kind-of-property(specification)

This is as recommended by IFCC and IUPAC and by the European standard ENV 1614:1995.

EXAMPLE

[NPU03455]
Semen—Spermatozoa; number concentration

The elements of a result comprise: an operator (= <= >= etc.), a numerical value and a unit, usually in symbolic form. This is as recommended by the European Standard ENV 12435:1996.

EXAMPLE

[NPU03455]
= 64 � 109/l

The unit must never be omitted in reporting results, except for the unit '1'.
It is further recommended that the result includes a measure of uncertainty.
In addition to the systematic name of the property, an example and other useful information is given.

Nomenclature
It is recommended to spell the component name out in full as elemental symbols may not always be known by healthcare personnel. Abbreviations are often used for systems, kind-of-property, and specifications.

Elements of an entry in this recommendation
The terms recommended are given in bold, that is: the systematic term for the type of property, the unit, and the coding scheme identifier with a code value.

  1. Name of system and parenthetic specification spelled out in full, and followed by a long dash.
  2. Alphanumeric chemical prefixes to component name.
  3. Recommended name of component and parenthetic specification. Shifted to the left for alphabetical sorting and searching, and followed by a semicolon.
  4. Kind-of-property and parenthetic specification.
  5. Unit.
  6. Molar mass M for conversion from mass-based kinds-of-property.
  7. Authority: Code value for the international organisation recommending the component or the combined elements of an entry.
  8. [NPUXXXXX] Coding scheme identifier and code value, intended for interlaboratory transmission between databases.
  9. Example in abbreviated form. For some, a possible value for the result is included. It does not represent a reference value!
EXAMPLE

    Semen(Patient identification)+Cervical mucus(Patient identification)—
Spermatozoal penetration;
    arbitrary property(Kremer; procedure)
    Other term(s): Kremer test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Negative Poor Good Exellent or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU08752]
    Sem(Pt ID)+CerMu(Pt ID)—Spermatozoal penetration; arb.(Kremer; proc.) = ?

References

[1] IUPAC– IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Quantities and Units (in Clinical Chemistry). Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. I. Syntax and semantic rules. Recommendations 1995. Prepared for publication by Olesen H. Pure & Appl Chem 1995; 67: 1563-74. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995; 33: 627-36. Clin Chim Acta 1996; 245: S5-S21.

[2] IUPAC–IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Nomenclature, Properties and Units. Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. II. Kinds-of-property. Recommendations 1996. Prepared for publication by Kenny D, Olesen H. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1997; 35: 317-44.

[3] ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis), Scientific and Standardization Committee and IUPAC–IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Quantities and Units(in Clinical Chemistry). Recommendations 1995. Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. V. Properties and units in Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995; 33: 637-60; Clin Chim Acta 1996; 245: S23-S28; Pure & Appl Chem 1997; 69:1043-79.

[4] IUPAC–IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Nomenclature, Properties and Units. Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. VI. Properties and units in IOC prohibited drugs. Recommendations 1997. Prepared for publication by H. Olesen, D. Cowan, I. Bruunshuus, K. Klempel, G. Hill. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1997; 35: 805-31; Pure & Appl Chem 1997; 69: 1081-1136.

[5] IUPAC–IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Nomenclature, Properties and Units. Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. IX. Properties and units in Trace elements. Recommendations 1997. Prepared for publication by R. Cornelis, X. Fuentes-Arderiu, I. Bruunshuus, D. Templeton. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1997; 35: 833-43; Pure & Appl Chem 1997; 69: 2593-606.

[6] WHO laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction. 3rd ed. Published on behalf of the World Health Organization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

[7] IUPAC–IFCC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry–International Federation of Clinical Chemistry), Commission/Committee on Quantities and Units(in Clinical Chemistry), 1995. Compendium of terminology and nomenclature of properties in clinical laboratory sciences. Recommendations 1995. Prepared for publication by J.C. Rigg, S.S. Brown, R. Dybkaer, H. Olesen. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 290 pp.

[8] CEN/TC 251, 1995. European standard ENV 1614:1995. Medical informatics. Structure for nomenclature, classification and coding of properties in clinical laboratory sciences.

[9] CEN/TC 251, 1996. European standard ENV 12435:1996. Medical informatics. Expression of the results of measurement in health sciences.

Index of abbreviations
 
CAS Chemical Abstract Service
EC Enzyme Commission of the IUBMB. Enzyme Nomenclature, Recommendation (1992)
IFCC International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
ISA International Society of Andrology
IUBMB International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
MSH Medical Subject Headings, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, USA
SI International System of Units
WHO World Health Organization

List of properties and units in Reproduction and fertility

    Seminal plasma—
Acid phosphatase, prostatic type;
    catalytic-activity concentration(37 �C; procedure)
    microkatal/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01067]
    SemP—Acid phosphatase, prostatic type; cat.c.(37 �C; proc.) = ? �kat/l

    Vaginal fluid—
Acid phosphatase, prostatic type;
    catalytic-activity concentration(37 �C; procedure)
    microkatal/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01068]
    Vagf—Acid phosphatase, prostatic type; cat.c.(37 �C; proc.) = ? �kat/l

    Spermatozoa—
Acrosin;
    entitic catalytic activity(37 �C; procedure)
    attokatal
    Authority: ISA92; EC3.4.21.10
    [NPU01069]
    Sperm.—Acrosin; entitic cat.act.(37 �C; proc.) = ? akat

    Seminal plasma—
Adenosine triphosphate;
    substance concentration
    micromole/litre
    M = 507,21 g/mol
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92; CAS56-65-5
    [NPU01082]
    SemP—Adenosin triphosphate; subst.c. = ? �mol/l

    Seminal plasma—
Adenosinetriphosphatase;
    catalytic-activity concentration(37 �C; procedure)
    millikatal/litre
    Other term(s): Adenylpyrophosphatase; ATPase; ATP monophosphatase; Triphosphatase
    Authority: EC3.6.1.3
    [NPU01083]
    SemP—Adenosinetriphosphatase; cat.c.(37 �C; proc.) = ? mkat/l

    Seminal plasma—
Albumin;
    substance concentration
    micromole/litre
    M = 66 000 g/mol
    Authority: CAS70024-90-7
    [NPU01133]
    SemP—Albumin; subst.c. = ? �mol/l

    Patient—
Amniotic fluid;
    relative volumic mass(20 �C/water, 20 �C; procedure)
    Authority: MSH94D000653
    [NPU10184]
    Pt—Amniotic fluid; rel.volumic mass(20 �C/water, 20 �C; proc.) = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Calcium(II; total);
    substance concentration
    millimole/litre
    M = 40,080 g/mol
    [NPU01444]
    SemP—Calcium(II; total); subst.c. = ? mmol/l

    Seminal plasma—
Carcinoembryonic antigen;
    arbitrary substance concentration(IRP 73/601; procedure)
    international unit/litre
    Recommended calibrator: WHO 1st IRP 73/601
    Other term(s): CEA
    [NPU01479]
    SemP—Carcinoembryonic antigen; arb.subst.c.(IRP 73/601; proc.) = ? int. unit/l

    Seminal plasma—
Carnitine;
    substance concentration
    millimole/litre
    M = 161,20 g/mol
    Authority: CAS461-06-3
    [NPU01484]
    SemP—Carnitine; subst.c. = ? mmol/l

    Semen—
Cells other than spermatozoa;
    number concentration(list; procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01520]
    Sem—Cells other than spermatozoa; num.c.(list; proc.)
    [NPU02595] Sem—Leukocytes; num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU08718] Sem—Round cells; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Cervical mucus—
Cells;
    number concentration(procedure)
    106/litre
    Other term(s): Leukocytes + other cells; Cellularity
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01519]
    CerMu—Cells; num.c.(proc.) = ? � 106/l

    Patient—
Cervical mucus;
    volume
    millilitre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01529]
    Pt—Cervical mucus; vol. = ? ml

    Seminal plasma—
Choriogonadotropin;
    arbitrary substance concentration(IS 75/537; procedure)
    international unit/litre
    M = 39 000 g/mol
    Recommended Calibrator: WHO 3rd IS 75/537
    Calibrator(s): WHO 1st IRP 75/537 (for immunoassay; identical to 3rd IS)
    Other term(s): hCG
    Authority: IUPAC-IUB74; CAS9002-61-3
    [NPU01574]
    SemP—Choriogonadotropin; arb.subst.c.(IS 75/537; proc.) = ? int. unit/l

    Seminal plasma—
Choriogonadotropin;
    substance concentration
    picomole/litre
    M = 39 000 g/mol
    Other term(s): hCG
    Authority: IUPAC-IUB74; CAS9002-61-3
    [NPU04004]
    SemP—Choriogonadotropin; subst.c. = ? pmol/l

    Seminal plasma—
Citrate;
    substance concentration
    millimole/litre
    Authority: MSH94D002951
    [NPU01593]
    SemP—Citrate; subst.c. = ? mmol/l

    Cervical mucus—
Consistency;
    arbitrary viscosity(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Watery Mildly viscous Viscous Thick or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU01525]
    CerMu—Consistency; arb.viscosity(proc.) = ?

    Semen—
Consistency;
    arbitrary viscosity(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Watery Mildly viscous Viscous Thick or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU03408]
    Sem—Consistency; arb.viscosity(proc.) = ?

    Semen—
Duration after ejaculation;
    time
    hour
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03410]
    Sem—Duration after ejaculation; time = ? h

    Patient—
Duration to next expected menstrual period;
    time
    day
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU01528]
    Pt—Duration to next expected menstrual period; time = ? d

    Cervical mucus—
Ferning;
    pattern of crystalization(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: No crystallization Atypical Primary/secundary Tertiary/quaternary or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU01526]
    CerMu—Ferning; pattern of crystalization(proc.) = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Fructose;
    substance concentration
    millimole/litre
    M = 180,16 g/mol
    Other term(s): D-Fructose; D-Levulose
    Authority: WHO92; CAS57-48-7
    [NPU02097]
    SemP—Fructose; subst.c. = ? mmol/l

    Seminal plasma—
    alpha-
Glucosidase;
    catalytic-activity concentration(37 �C; procedure)
    microkatal/litre
    Other term(s): Glucoinvertase; Glucosidosucrase; Maltase; Maltase-glucoamylase
    Authority: EC3.2.1.20
    [NPU02215]
    SemP—alpha-Glucosidase; cat.c.(37 �C; proc.) = ? �kat/l

    Seminal plasma—
    gamma-
Glutamyltransferase;
    catalytic-activity concentration(37 �C; procedure)
    microkatal/litre
    Other term(s): Glutamyl transpeptidase
    Authority: WHO92; EC2.3.2.2
    [NPU08719]
    SemP—gamma-Glutamyltransferase; cat.c.(37 �C; proc.) = ? �kat/l

    Seminal plasma—
Glycerophosphocholine;
    substance concentration
    mole/litre
    Authority: WHO92
    [NPU08720]
    SemP—Glycerophosphocholine; subst.c. = ? mol/l

    Spermatozoa—
Head(abnormal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08721]
    Sperm.—Head(abnormal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(amorphous);
    number fraction
    [NPU08722]
    Sperm.—Head(amorphous); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(duplicate);
    number fraction
    [NPU08579]
    Sperm.—Head(duplicate); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(large oval);
    number fraction
    [NPU08575]
    Sperm.—Head(large oval); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(normal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08932]
    Sperm.—Head(normal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(pin);
    number fraction
    [NPU08581]
    Sperm.—Head(pin); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(pyriform);
    number fraction
    [NPU08578]
    Sperm.—Head(pyriform); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(round);
    number fraction
    [NPU08580]
    Sperm.—Head(round); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(small oval);
    number fraction
    [NPU08576]
    Sperm.—Head(small oval); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(tapering);
    number fraction
    [NPU08577]
    Sperm.—Head(tapering); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Head(vacuolated);
    number fraction
    [NPU08723]
    Sperm.—Head(vacuolated); num.fr. = ?

    Cervical mucus—
Hydrogen ion;
    pH
    Authority: WHO92
    [NPU02411]
    CerMu—Hydrogen ion; pH = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Hydrogen ion;
    pH
    Authority: WHO92
    [NPU02414]
    SemP—Hydrogen ion; pH = ?

    Semen—
Immature germ cells;
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU08747]
    Sem—Immature germ cells; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Leukocytes;
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Authority: MSH94D007962
    [NPU02595]
    Sem—Leukocytes; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Liquefaction;
    time(procedure)
    minute
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03409]
    Sem—Liquefaction; time(proc.) = ? min

    Spermatozoa—
Midpiece(abnormal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08583]
    Sperm.—Midpiece(abnormal); num.fr. = ?

    Patient—
Pregnancy;
    gestation period
    [NPU10156]
    Pt—Pregnancy; gestation period = ?

    Seminal plasma—
    6-keto-
Prostaglandin F1-alpha;
    substance concentration
    mole/litre
    M = 370,5 g/mol
    Authority: CAS58962-34-8
    [NPU03274]
    SemP—6-keto-Prostaglandin F1-alpha; subst.c. = ? mol/l

    Seminal plasma—
Protein;
    mass concentration
    gram/litre
    [NPU03279]
    SemP—Protein; mass c. = ? g/l

    Semen—
Round cells;
    number concentration
    109/litre
    [NPU08718]
    Sem—Round cells; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Patient—
Semen;
    clarity(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: Example of nominal scale: Clear Opalescent Milky
    [NPU03407]
    Pt—Semen; clarity(proc.) = ?

    Patient—
Semen;
    colour(procedure)
    Note: Example of scale: white, grey, brown
    [NPU03992]
    Pt—Semen; colour(proc.) = ?

    Patient—
Semen;
    volume
    millilitre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03412]
    Pt—Semen; vol. = ? ml

    Patient—
Sexual abstinence;
    time
    day
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03411]
    Pt—Sexual abstinence; time = ? d

    Semen—
Spermatic cell type;
    number concentration(list; procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03448]
    Sem—Spermatic cell type; num.c.(list; proc.)
    [NPU03443] Sem—Spermatids(sab); num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU03444] Sem—Spermatids(scb); num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU03455] Sem—Spermatozoa; num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU03449] Sem—Spermatocytes(primary); num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU03450] Sem—Spermatocytes(secondary); num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU03451] Sem—Spermatogonia; num.c. = ? � 109/l
    [NPU08747] Sem—Immature germ cells; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Spermatids(sab);
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Other term(s): Spermatoblasts
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03443]
    Sem—Spermatids(sab); num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Spermatids(scb);
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Other term(s): Spermatoblasts
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03444]
    Sem—Spermatids(scb); num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Spermatocytes(primary);
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03449]
    Sem—Spermatocytes(primary); num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Spermatocytes(secondary);
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03450]
    Sem—Spermatocytes(secondary); num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Semen—
Spermatogonia;
    number concentration
    109/litre
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03451]
    Sem—Spermatogonia; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa morphology;
    number fraction(list; procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03456]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa morphology; num.fr.(list; proc.)
    [NPU08574] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(normal); num.fr. = ?
    [NPU08584] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(cytoplasmic droplet); num.fr. = ?
    [NPU08721] Sperm.—Head(abnormal); num.fr. = ?
    [NPU08583] Sperm.—Midpiece(abnormal); num.fr. = ?
    [NPU08586] Sperm.—Tail(abnormal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa motility;
    number fraction(list; procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03462]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa motility; num.fr.(list; proc.)
    [NPU03459] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(live); num.fr.(proc.) = ?
    [NPU08726] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(rapid); num.fr.(proc.) = ?
    [NPU08727] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(slow); num.fr.(proc.) = ?
    [NPU08728] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(non-progressing); num.fr.(proc.) = ?
    [NPU08729] Sperm.—Spermatozoa(immotile); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Semen—
Spermatozoa rotation;
    frequency
    one/second
    [NPU03453]
    Sem—Spermatozoa rotation; frequency = ? � 1/s

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(agglutinated);
    number fraction(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03457]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(aggl.); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(cytoplasmic droplet);
    number fraction
    [NPU08584]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(cytoplasmic droplet); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(immotile);
    number fraction(procedure)
    [NPU08729]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(immotile); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(live);
    number fraction(procedure)
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03459]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(live); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgA);
    number fraction(IBT; procedure)
    Other term(s): Immunobead test; IBT
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU08748]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgA); num.fr.(IBT; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgA);
    number fraction(MAR; procedure)
    Other term(s): eryMAR; Latex MAR; MAR test; Mixed antiglobulin test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03460]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgA); num.fr.(MAR; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgG);
    number fraction(IBT; procedure)
    Other term(s): Immunobead test; IBT
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU08749]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgG); num.fr.(IBT; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgG);
    number fraction(MAR; procedure)
    Other term(s): eryMAR; Latex MAR; MAR test; Mixed antiglobulin test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03461]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgG); num.fr.(MAR; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgM);
    number fraction(IBT; procedure)
    Other term(s): Immunobead test; IBT
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU08750]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgM); num.fr.(IBT; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(motile with IgM);
    number fraction(MAR; procedure)
    Other term(s): eryMAR; Latex MAR; MAR test; Mixed antiglobulin test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU08725]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(motile with IgM); num.fr.(MAR; proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(non-progressing);
    number fraction(procedure)
    [NPU08728]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(non-progressing); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(normal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08574]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(normal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(rapid);
    number fraction(procedure)
    [NPU08726]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(rapid); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Spermatozoa(slow);
    number fraction(procedure)
    [NPU08727]
    Sperm.—Spermatozoa(slow); num.fr.(proc.) = ?

    Semen—
Spermatozoa;
    number of entities(procedure)
    106
    [NPU03454]
    Sem—Spermatozoa; num.(proc.) = ? � 106

    Semen—
Spermatozoa;
    number concentration
    109/litre
    [NPU03455]
    Sem—Spermatozoa; num.c. = ? � 109/l

    Cervical mucus—
Spermatozoal antibody;
    arbitrary concentration(procedure)
    Other term(s): Sperm-cervical mucus contact test; SCMC test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03445]
    CerMu—Spermatozoal antibody; arb.c.(proc.) = ?

    Plasma(Blood)—
Spermatozoal antibody;
    arbitrary concentration(procedure)
    [NPU03446]
    P(B)—Spermatozoal antibody; arb.c.(proc.) = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Spermatozoal antibody;
    arbitrary concentration(MAR; procedure)
    Other term(s): eryMAR; Latex MAR; MAR test; Mixed antiglobulin test
    [NPU08962]
    SemP—Spermatozoal antibody; arb.c.(MAR; proc.) = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Spermatozoal antibody;
    arbitrary concentration(IBT; procedure)
    Other term(s): Immunobead test; Friberg-test; GAT; Gelatine agglutination test; K-B-M; Kibrick test; TAT; Tray agglutination technique
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    [NPU03447]
    SemP—Spermatozoal antibody; arb.c.(IBT; proc.) = ?

    Semen(Patient identification)+Cervical mucus(Patient identification)—
Spermatozoal penetration;
    arbitrary property(Kremer; procedure)
    Other term(s): Kremer test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Negative Poor Good Exellent or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU08752]
    Sem(Pt ID)+CerMu(Pt ID)—Spermatozoal penetration; arb.(Kremer; proc.) = ?

    Semen(Patient identification)+Cervical mucus(Patient identification)—
Spermatozoal penetration;
    arbitrary property(post-coital; procedure)
    Other term(s): Cervical mucus-Semen interaction; Slide test; Capillary tube test
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Negative Poor Good Exellent or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU03458]
    Sem(Pt ID)+CerMu(Pt ID)—Spermatozoal penetration; arb.(post-coital; proc.) = ?

    Semen(Patient identification)+Cervical mucus(Patient identification)—
Spermatozoal penetration;
    arbitrary property(SCMC; procedure)
    Other term(s): Sperm-cervical mucus contact test; SCMC
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: Negative Poor Good Exellent or (0 1 2 3)
    [NPU08751]
    Sem(Pt ID)+CerMu(Pt ID)—Spermatozoal penetration; arb.(SCMC; proc.) = ?

    Semen—
Spermatozoon;
    velocity(curvilinear)
    micrometre/second
    [NPU03997]
    Sem—Spermatozoon; vel.(curvilinear) = ? �m/s

    Cervical mucus—
Spinnbarkeit;
    length increment
    millimetre
    Other term(s): For component: elasticity; fibrosity; threadability
    Authority: WHO92; ISA92
    Note: scale: <10 mm:0 10-40 mm:1 50-80 mm:2  >= 90 mm:3
    [NPU01527]
    CerMu—Spinnbarkeit; length incr. = ? mm

    Spermatozoa—
Tail(abnormal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08586]
    Sperm.—Tail(abnormal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Tail(coiled);
    number fraction
    [NPU08587]
    Sperm.—Tail(coiled); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Tail(duplicated);
    number fraction
    [NPU08588]
    Sperm.—Tail(duplicated); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Tail(normal);
    number fraction
    [NPU08963]
    Sperm.—Tail(normal); num.fr. = ?

    Spermatozoa—
Tail(swelled)
    number fraction
    [NPU08724]
Sperm.—Tail(swelled); num.fr. = ?

    Seminal plasma—
Testosterone;
    substance concentration
    nanomole/litre
    M = 288,41 g/mol
    Authority: IUPAC-IUB89; CAS58-22-0
    [NPU03545]
    SemP—Testosterone; subst.c. = ? nmol/l

    Seminal plasma—
Zinc;
    substance concentration
    micromole/litre
    M = 65,38
    Authority: IUPAC/VII/C-TOX; CAS7440-66-6
    [NPU03769]
    SemP—Zinc; subst.c. = ? �mol/l