Chemistry International
Vol. 22, No.2, March 2000
2000, Vol. 22
No. 2 (March)
..News from IUPAC
..West Africa Chemical Society
..Reports from Symposia
..Awards and Prizes
..New Books
..Reports from Commissions
..Conference Announcements
..Conferences
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Chemistry International
Vol. 22, No. 2
March 2000
Reports from Commissions
Commission on Thermodynamics (I.2)Summary of Minutes of Commission Meeting at IUPAC General Assembly, Berlin, Germany, 8-10 August 1999
Twenty-one members of the Commission on Thermodynamics (I.2), including national representatives and observers, met for three days of discussions during the 40th IUPAC General Assembly in Berlin. Two new Titular Members, Manuel Ribeiro da Silva and Eckhard Vogel, were elected, and R. Span (Bochum) was appointed to the Subcommittee on Thermodynamic Data.
Several projects were completed and the results published: U. K. Deiters and K. M. de Reuck, Guidelines for Publication of Equations of State, Chemical Engineering Science, 1998, 69, 69 and Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1999, 161, 205; A. Bolz, U. K. Deiters, C. J. Peter, and T. W. de Loos, Nomenclature for Phase Diagrams with Particular Reference to Vapor-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Equilibria, Pure Appl. Chem., 1998, 70, 2233; J. Barthel, R. Neueder, and R. Meier 1998, Viscosities of Aqueous Solutions, Part 3c, AgClO4-Cl4O16Th, and Part 3d, CoO4S-O6SU, Dechema Chemistry Data Series Vol. XII; and Chemical Thermodynamics (a Chemistry for the 21st Century monograph), edited by T. M. Letcher, Blackwell Science, 1999.
In addition, there are several projects that are close to completion: Theory of Equations of State for Fluids and Fluid Mixtures, edited by J. V. Sengers, will be published by Elsevier in mid-2000. Two new volumes in the Experimental Thermodynamics series are being prepared: Volume VI. Measurement of the Thermodynamic Properties of Single Phases (editors: A. R. H. Goodwin, K. N. Marsh, and W. A. Wakeham) and Volume VII. Measurement of the Properties of Multiple Phases (editors: Th. W. de Loos and R. D. Weir). Publication is expected by 2001. Conductivities, Transference Numbers, and Limiting Ionic Conductivities, Part 1d. Carbonates (project leader: J. G. M. Barthel), Dechema Chemistry Data Series, Volume X, is in press, and a further volume on amides is expected in 2001. Ribeiro da Silva presented a final draft of "Thermochemistry of chemical reactions". Draft copies of papers entitled 'standards in isothermal microcalorimetry", from Working Group A. (E. Beezer, G. Olofsson, K. Murphy, F. Rouquerol, J. Sipowska, and I. Wadsˆ), and 'standards for differential scanning calorimetry", produced by Working Group G (Della Gatta, M. J. Richardson, S. M. Sarge, and S. St¯len) were presented. These papers will be produced in final form for the next Commission meeting in 2000, for subsequent publication in J. Chem. Thermodyn., Thermochimica Acta, and Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis. The project "Legendre transforms in chemical thermodynamics" (R. A. Alberty) will be completed after minor revision of the draft manuscript with input from members of the Commission on Electrochemistry. Possible new projects discussed were "Thermodynamics in education" (T. M. Letcher), "Global phase diagrams of fluid mixtures" (U. K. Deiters and T. M. Boublik), and "Guidelines for equations of state II. Mixtures" (U. K. Deiters). The importance of the project on biological buffers was stressed; it is necessary to find a group to work on this.
Unanimous approval was given of the arrangements for the16th IUPAC International Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics (ICCT), which will take place
7-11 August 2000 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. In 2002, the 17th IUPAC ICCT will be held 28 July - 2 August in Rostock, Germany. A diskette will be prepared to supplement the Guidebook for Organizers of IUPAC ICCTs to assist prospective organizers of these meetings. The Commission discussed the forthcoming change in IUPAC operation. It felt that its activities would translate smoothly to the new scheme, with continuation of the biennial ICCT affording an opportunity for a meeting of all those involved in projects, plus other interested thermodynamicists.It was reported that the number of journal pages in the Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics increased by about 5% from 1997 to 1998 as a result of widening the scope to include papers in fluid phase equilibria, biochemical thermodynamics, polymers, and invited review articles. A special memorial issue for Prof. McGlashan will contain 14 papers and should be published in October 1999.
The Subcommittee on Thermodynamic Data has been active in the following areas: In the series of publications on Critical Compilation of Vapor Liquid Critical Properties, paper VII on oxygenated compounds other than alkanols is in an advanced state of preparation. Work on halogenated compounds is being updated with a computer search to cover recent years. Still outstanding are the series of compounds containing nitrogen and polyfunctional groups. The project "Critical compilation of activity coefficients at infinite dilution" (project leader: V. Dohnal) has produced a very large database, and it was decided to terminate the project at this stage. Publication of Volume 14 (Benzene) and Volume 15 (Carbon Dioxide) in the series International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State (project leader: W. A. Wakeham) is expected in 2000.
The project "Vapor-liquid equilibria and related properties in binary and ternary mixtures of ethers, alkanes, and alkanols" (project leader, J. H. Dymond) was completed following the final workshop held as part of the 15th IUPAC ICCT in Porto, Portugal, 30-31 July 1998. The workshop proceedings were published as a special issue of Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1999, 156, 1-236. A new project "Thermochemical, thermodynamic, and transport properties of halogenated alkanes and their mixtures" (project leaders: U. K. Deiters, J. H. Dymond, A. Heintz, and A. Laesecke) will begin with a workshop that is being organized by E. Matteoli in Pisa 15-18 December 1999. A feasibility study will be undertaken for a project on low-temperature molten salts (organic) with a workshop in 2001.
The Subcommittee on Transport Properties has completed two projects that will be published "under the auspices of the Subcommittee": M. L. V. Ramires, C. A. Nieto de Castro, R. A. Perkins, Y. Nagasaka, A. Nagashima, M. J. Assael, and W. A. Wakeham, "Thermal conductivity of toluene over a wide range of temperature" and M. J. Assael, A. Leipertz, E. Vogel, E. MacPherson, W. A. Wakeham, R. A. Perkins, Y. Nagasaka, C. A. Nieto de Castro, and K. Strom, "Transport property measurement on the IUPAC sample of R134a". Already published is a correlation on the Viscosity of Propane by E. Vogel, C. Kuchenmeister, E. Bich, and A. Laesecke, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1998, 27, 947. The first stage of a project by M. J. Assael, J. Millat, A. Nagashima, D. Friend, and J. V. Sengers, "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of water and steam", has been concluded with submission of a paper to J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. Drafts of papers on other completed projects are being prepared by M. J. Assael, "Viscosity of toluene as a function of pressure"; by E. Vogel, "Viscosity of isobutane"; by M. J. Assael and A. Nagashima, "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of D2O"; and by C. A. Nieto de Castro, "Viscosity of toluene at atmospheric pressure in wide ranges of temperature".
Work is continuing on the following projects: "Viscosity of liquid water", "Transport properties of methane + ethane", "Thermal conductivity of butane", "Viscosity and thermal conductivity of water and steam", and "Viscosity of pentane". The following new projects are underway: 'study of the intermolecular potential of water", "Viscosity of cyclopentane", "Viscosity of alkali halides", and "Investigation of a new high-viscosity standard". A feasibility study will be undertaken for a book on the properties of water, air, and seawater. A new project on transport properties of molten metals (where differences in viscosity of a factor of 10 occur in measurements from different groups) will begin. A new experimental project on viscosity data for toluene at elevated pressures will probably be set up, because of the large discrepancies that exist in the literature data. The project for an internationally available data bank is now terminated, although the Stuttgart data bank was still being maintained for use by subcommittee members and others.
The subcommittee had a successful meeting on 3-4 September 1999 in Erlangen, Germany. Their next meeting will take place in Boulder, CO, USA in June 2000.
Joint meetings were held as follows: Dr. Fabienne Meyers of the IUPAC Secretariat joined us for a short meeting during which she spoke about the IUPAC web site. Members considered that the Commission should have its own web site to highlight activities and achievements and draw attention to future events. Joint meetings were also held with members of IUCOSPED (IUPAC-CODATA Project on Standardization of Physico-Chemical Property Electronic Data Files), Commission I.1 (Physicochemical Symbols, Terminology, and Units), Commission I.3 (Electrochemistry), and Commission I.7 (Biophysical Chemistry). At each of these meetings, projects of common interest were discussed. With Commission I.1, further additions to the thermodynamics section of the Green Book (Quantities, Units, and Symbols in Physical Chemistry) were agreed upon for the forthcoming new edition.
The Chairman thanked all members of the Commission for their contributions and looked forward to the next meeting of the Commission in Halifax, Nova Scotia on 5-6 August 2000.
John Dymond
Secretary, IUPAC Commission on
Thermodynamics I.2
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